Kontekst historyczno‑kulturowy orzeczeń Soboru Efeskiego (431)

The article gives thorough environmental and historical background which are necessary for the understanding of the role of place, time and people taking part in the sessions of the Council of Ephesus. First, the environment of Ephesus was brought closer. A brief history of the city, geographical location, and political significance were described, along with temples and the cult of Artemis, for which Ephesus was famous. It is stated that this place and worship were a source of inspiration for the practices of ancient Christianity. The last part discusses the apostolic period and the Fathers of the Church in Ephesus.