Prawno-konstytucyjne położenie regionów autonomicznych w Hiszpanii

The paper presented here is a legal-constitutional study on the basic legal regulations considering the relations between the state and the autonomous communities. At the beginning the author introduces the main controversial problems regarding the Spanish political system evaluation, and particularly — the problems connected with the idea of „regional state”. The position of the Spanish autonomous communities was presented in a few planes: 1) the constitutional guarantees of decentralism based on the autonomous system, 2) the political conditions of the autonomous process, 3) the procedures of of the autonomous statutes awarding, 4) the competences in the sphere of performing the public authority function, 5) the institutional separations, 6) the communities role in the sphere of the state authority fulfillment. The author indicates the original form of the political solutions used in Spain which, thanks to the autonomy developed in the whole state territory and the wide competences of autonomous units, point out new directions for democracy development.